Diagnostic, Etiological and Therapeutic Aspects of Urogenital Trauma in the Urology Department of the Pr Bocar S Sall University Hospital in Kati

Introduction: Urogenital trauma refers to all open or closed injuries resulting from physical assault on the urinary system and/or external genitalia. The objective was to study the diagnostic, etiological, and therapeutic aspects of urogenital trauma.

Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study conducted in the Urology Department of the Professor Bocar S. Sall University Hospital in Kati. It took place over a period of 2 years and 6 months, from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2023. The study population consisted of all patients with urogenital trauma. Data were entered and analyzed using Word 2016, Excel 2016, and SPSS version 21.0. 

Results: We identified 24 cases of urogenital trauma. The age group of 21-40 years was the most represented, representing 62.5% of cases. The average age was 28 years. The male gender was the majority, 21 cases or 87.5%. The traumas were closed in 17 cases or 70.8% (17 cases). Traumas of the external genital organs were the most frequent with 8 cases (33.3%). The majority were road accidents with 17 cases (70%). Associated injuries were observed in 11 patients: 7 cases (63.63%) of pelvic fractures and 02 cases of polytrauma. The diagnosis was established by paraclinical examinations in 19 cases (83%). Uroscanner was the most performed imaging examination, 8 cases (41%) followed by retrograde urethrocystography and voiding in 6 cases (25%). Surgery was performed in 19 cases (79%). Cystotomy was the most commonly performed emergency procedure; 5 cases, or 20.8%. End-to-end anastomosis urethroplasty was performed in 4 cases, or 66.7%.

Conclusion: Urogenital trauma is relatively uncommon but is serious and can be life-threatening as well as functionally threatening to the genitourinary system. It is prevalent in young patients. Imaging plays an important role in diagnosis, classification, and management. Treatment is based on monitoring, endoscopy, and conventional surgery.

Keywords: Trauma, Urogenital, CT-Scan, Retrograde Urethrocystography and Voiding, Urethroplasty.